New Delhi: National Science Day is observed in India every year on February 28 to honour one of the country’s most remarkable scientific breakthroughs. The day commemorates physicist Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman and his discovery of the Raman Effect in 1928, a finding that transformed the study of light and matter. Over the decades, the occasion has grown beyond a tribute to a single discovery. It now recognises India’s scientific progress across space research, medicine, technology and innovation.
Schools, colleges and research institutions organise lectures, exhibitions and discussions to highlight the role of science in everyday life. The day also encourages young minds to explore careers in research and development. As India continues to invest in scientific advancement, National Science Day serves as both reflection and inspiration, reminding citizens that scientific thinking strengthens society, supports economic growth and improves quality of life across communities in meaningful ways.
Why February 28 is observed as National Science Day
The date marks the announcement of the Raman Effect by Sir CV Raman at the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science in Kolkata in 1928. His research demonstrated how light scatters and changes wavelength when it passes through a transparent material. This discovery later earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930, making him the first Asian to receive the honour in the sciences.
How Science Day was instituted
In 1986, the National Council for Science and Technology Communication proposed that February 28 be recognised nationally. The Government of India accepted the recommendation, and the first official celebration took place in 1987. Since then, the day has been observed annually across schools, universities and scientific institutions.
Significance in modern India
National Science Day highlights the importance of scientific research in fields such as healthcare, communication, agriculture and environmental protection. It promotes rational thinking and encourages public engagement with science. The observance also acknowledges contributions made by Indian scientists in strengthening the country’s global standing.
National Science Day 2026 theme
The 2026 theme, “Women in Science Catalysing Viksit Bharat”, focuses on the role of women researchers and innovators in shaping a developed India. It aims to inspire greater participation of girls and women in scientific careers and recognises their growing contribution to national progress.
National Science Day remains a reminder that curiosity, research and innovation continue to shape India’s present and future.