The memory of partition is not unconscious. Even after 79 years of the creation of separate Pakistan in the name of religion, India is being paid its price. After the approval of Pakistan’s existence, Sardar Patel said that we have separated the poison from the body. But every day passed after 15 August 1947 proves that this trust proved to be wrong. Then what did India achieve with the approval of partition? Every attempt to solve the knot of partition has been in controversy. The camps have their own arguments. The issue was always a debate whether it could have been avoided? The British government gave time till 30 June 1948 to solve the issue of India.
Viceroy Mountbatten obtained the approval of the Congress and the Muslim League on 3 June 1947 for the plan for transfer of power. This haste made the situation worse. Mountbatten had his own selfishness. The Muslim League was not ready to stop. Could Nehru-Patel stop him? Why were they in a hurry? And why Mahatma Gandhi, the great hero of the struggle, did not intervene decisively? Answers to these questions have been searched since independence.
A few years ago, the BJP government at the Center started celebrating Partition Vibhishika Day on 14 August. It was argued that the mistakes of the past should be remembered to be alert and groomed the future in the present. Now another step on this side has been extended by preparing a module to inform children about the division of the country in schools. Obviously, this will make the dispute more hot. Read a look at the role of partition and its associated characters
That decisive meeting
3 June 1947, the day of formal approval of Indian leaders for partition of the country. Mountbatten was accompanied by Sardar Patel, Pandit Nehru, Acharya Kripalani, Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Liaquat Ali Khan and Sardar Baldev Singh. Partition, its process and the withdrawal of the British were to be announced through this meeting. Mountbatten had already made strong arrangements for the debate in the meeting again.
Pandit Nehru, Lord Mountbatten and Mohammad Ali Jinnah. Image Credit Source: Keystone/Getty Images
A day earlier, he had a meeting with these leaders. The next day’s announcement had also been approved. Jinnah was still defrauding. He implicated the decision to put the decision in front of the Muslim League’s National Council for the last approval. Jinnah was hesitant to accept ‘Kata-Banta Daimam Laga’ Pakistan. Mountbatten gave him the night in a nearly threatening manner. Taqid On my announcement in the meeting, you will only shake your head in the harass.
What was worried about
Mahatma Gandhi was not in the meeting of June 3. But his entire action was dominated. The fate of the country had been decided. Now worrying had reacted to Mahatma Gandhi to this decision. Viceroy Mountbatten was worried. If Mahatma Gandhi goes against, then the situation will go out under control. Mountbatten said that if the past can be forgotten then it is possible to start a better future. For this, the leaders below should be stopped from accusations and counter-allegations, because it can cause violence.
League’s Liaquat Ali Khan said that the lower leaders can be stopped, but the greatest Mahatma Gandhi, they talk about non -violence but the speeches of their prayer meetings are going to instigate violence. Sardar Patel and Kripalani strongly opposed it. Meanwhile, Mountbatten mentioned his meeting with Mahatma Gandhi a day earlier and said that the person who lived, worked and wished for the unity of India, I can understand his feelings. I spoke about the speeches of his prayer meetings. His silence was the day. He wrote a friendly note. It is expected that they will cooperate by understanding the circumstances. He has always been making it clear that he is not even a member of the Congress’s Chavanni.
Mahatma Gandhi.
Gandhi alone
In those days, Mahatma Gandhi used to repeat in his prayer meetings, “Even though there was fire in the whole country, we will not allow Pakistan to become even on an inch land.” Mahatma Gandhi was in deep anguish after the Congress Working Committee approved the division. He was constantly feeling that Congress leaders were getting away from them. One such morning a worker told him, “You are not mentioned anywhere in this hour of decision.” His reply was, “Everyone is eager to lose my picture. But no one is ready to accept the advice.”
Manu, who is lying on the adjacent mat in Delhi’s Harijan colony, heard him bubbling him one night, “There is no one with me today. Patel and Nehru understand that what I am saying is wrong and if there is a compromise on the partition, there will be peace. I have been. “
But Mountbatten was alert
In this period, Gandhi was of course feeling alone. But Mountbatten felt his grip on the common man. Mountbatten felt, “Jinnah turned the hopes of India’s unity. Due to no Congress official, Gandhi refused to attend the meeting with other leaders of Mountbatten. Mountbatten persuaded him to meet separately.
On June 2, 1947, it was Monday. The day of Mahatma Gandhi’s silence. Mountbatten informed him about the entire plan for division and transfer of power. Mahatma Gandhi took out the old envelopes from the pocket and started writing on his plain part, “I am sorry, I could not speak. Monday fast I had a scope to dissolve in two conditions. I want to talk to a high official about a problem or take care of a sick. But I know that you do not want me to do two things about two things, but today I have not said about two things but we do not have two things today but we have not given me. Will say. “
Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
Nehru’s tone sad, Jinnah
Information about the decisions of the meeting of 3 June 1947 became public through speech on Mountbatten’s radio. On that day, Pandit Nehru, Mohammad Ali Jinnah and Sardar Baldev Singh also spoke on the radio. Nehru started the speech with me with no pleasure. For millions of people who became homeless. Thousands who came to know and Nehru were depressed expressing their deep condolences to the tortures worse than the death of all women. Promised to help in their sufferings. Assured that such a tragedy was not repeated again. His extinguished tone was telling the condition of his face and heart, ‘I am not happy at all to appreciate these proposals. But I do not doubt that this is the right way. We were struggling for Azad United India from generations. If some parts of it are different, then it will be sad for anyone to accept this decision. But still I am satisfied that this decision is perfect from a wide point of view.
Jinnah on the other hand was enthusiastically. He expressed happiness that through the powerful medium of radio, he is directly facing his people. However, even on this occasion, he could not speak in the Urdu language, which further became the national language of Pakistan. His address was in English. Amid the joy of victory, they did not forget to say that we are not completely satisfied with the decision. Now we have to consider that we should accept this proposal of the British government as agreement or settlement of the case. He remembered the help, suffering and sacrifices of every section of Muslims to reach this point.
… And Gandhi said do not blame Mountbatten
Mahatma Gandhi’s disappointed response was, “God should protect him. Give him goodwill. But Mountbatten’s attention was still on Gandhiji. He got the news that Gandhi is going to separate himself from Congress leaders and condemn the plan of Partition in his prayer meeting. Immediately Mountbatten’s messenger reached Mahatma Gandhi. On June 4, Mountbatten and Gandhi again. Gave it away. It should be called Gandhi Yojana. “
Looking at Gandhi’s questioning eyes, Mountbatten said, “You had said that the decision should be left to the Indians. The people of every province will vote by voting for whom to live? It is your point.” But when I wanted partition, Gandhi asked. Mountbatten said, “If a miracle happens that the assemblies vote in favor of unity, then the partition will stop.”
Then the next sentence of Mountbatten did not keep anything for Mahatma Gandhi, “If he does not agree to this, then you would not want to oppose his decision on the emphasis of weapons.” It was time for Mahatma Gandhi’s prayer meeting. They woke up. For Harijan Basti. Where people were hopeful of listening to their challenge. How many times he said, “He will have two pieces before the country has two pieces.” Amidst the silence that shocked that evening, people heard Mahatma Gandhi, “There is no use to blame the Viceroy. Look at yourself. Search the mind. Then you will find out. What is the reason for what has happened?”
Sardar Patel. Photo: Image Credit Source: HULTON-Deutsch Collection/Corbis/Corbis Via Getty Images)
Gandhi complains, Nehru-Patel protest
On 14 and 15 June 1947, the All India Congress Committee also approved the plan of partition. Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia was present as a special invitee member in this meeting. In his book ‘Partition of Partition’, he has given details of the proceedings of this important meeting.
He wrote, ‘Mahatma Gandhi said in a mild complaint, Nehru and Sardar Patel did not inform him. Before Mahatma Gandhi could say his whole thing, in the charge, Pandit Nehru defeated that he has been giving him complete information. On repeating Gandhiji again that he was not aware of the plan of partition, Pandit Nehru changed his point a little. Said, Noakhali is so far away, that they would not be able to tell in detail about that plan. Broadly written to him (Mahatma Gandhi) about partition. ”
In this meeting, “Nehru and Sardar Patel kept showing aggressive anger towards Mahatma Gandhi”. According to Lohia, “I also had many sharp clashes with both of them. At that time which seemed amazing and even today, although I can understand something well today, he was a rude behavior of his two major disciples towards his presiding. Something was psychiatric. Something was there. It seemed, he felt that he was tempted and when he felt that Gandhiji was disturbed in it.”
And that proposal of Gandhi! The British move beyond!
In his book, Lohia mentions the next proposal of Mahatma Gandhi in this meeting, “Mahatma Gandhi wandered towards Nehru and Sardar Patel, he said his second point. He wanted the Congress to fulfill the promise of its leaders. So he would tell the Congress to accept the principle of partition. After accepting the principle, the Congress should declare it regarding its implementation. Announce
The partition process should be done by sitting together to the Congress and the Muslim League without any intervention. ” The proposal was the only protest of the proposal of Border Gandhi’s elder brother, who shouted it, was not completely impractical, because the proposal was not considered.
Lohia says, “Even then I thought and even today I believe that it was a wonderful policy. Was. But after the decision of the Congress leadership, he would have no meaning of this proposal by giving the price of integrity of the country. “
Mountbatten to match Gandhi?
Why were Mountbatten in a hurry even after passing the time till 30 June 1948? Famous journalist Kuldeep Nayar had asked Campwell Johnson, who was the press secretary of Mountbatten, whether it was because of this on the same day i.e. on the same day i.e. on 15 August 1945, the Army of the Allied Army was to be the auspicious day of the dedication of Japan and the end of the World War? Campwell agreed but the people of Britain’s State Department did not agree with this argument. According to him, Mountbatten wanted an elevated position in the British Royal Navy. For this, he wanted to complete his campaign of India as soon as possible.
He got his desired post in return from India and was appointed as Naval Commander of Southeast Asia. Mountbatten said the shocking thing to India after years. According to him, after reaching India, he tried to bring Congress leaders close to him. So that if there is a conflict, then with his help, I will neutralize Gandhi. But, “I felt very strange that in one way they were all against Gandhi and with me. In a way they were promoting me to face Gandhi on his behalf.”
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