Every year on 14 August, Indo-Pak Partition is celebrated as Partition Divisional Memorial Day.
Amid the growing part, Muhammad Ali Jinnah continued to come and issue a common appeal of peace. It took two days to persuade them for this. The next three days passed that the Muslim League President Jinnah will not issue this appeal with Congress President Kripalani. There was no one other than Mahatma Gandhi to sign him with him. Mahatma Gandhi agreed immediately for this. Then the ritual payment of the appeal was completed. In the violence of this partition on religious basis, the limits of humanity crossed. This is a shameful chapter in the history of humanity.
There was still some time left for separate Pakistan to come into existence. But many of the state from Bengal to Punjab were scorching in the fire of violence. The situation became even more uncontrollable with Jinnah’s Direct Action slogan (16 August 1946). On the other hand, complaints of the Muslim League continued even while joining the interim government. Now he not only took the Congress but also the British Governor of Punjab Sir Even Jenkins under the allegations.
Finance Minister Liaquat Ali Khan wrote a letter to Mountbatten on 15 April 1947, complaining to Jenkins that he was making every effort to deprive Punjab’s majority Muslim population of its reasonable entitlements. Liaquat alleged that even after being the largest party of the Muslim League in Punjab assembly, the governor did not give him a chance to form the government.
British governor told League responsible for violence
In response, Governor Jenkins in a long note written to Mountbatten told the “Direct Action” plan of the Muslim League of Punjab. The governor said that this action of the league promoted violence and terror in Punjab and its aim was to demolish such a government.
Pakistan’s political scientist and famous writer Ishtiaq Ahmed has quoted the report sent to the British government in his book “Bantwara of Punjab in 1947: One tragedy thousand stories”. The report wrote, “There was a unilateral massacre of non-Muslims in Rawalpindi and stuck districts and later in parts of Jhelum.
In many villages, he was burnt alive by entering groups and houses. Many Sikhs’ hair and their beards were cut and some cases of forced circumcision have also taken place. Many women left in the slaughter were kidnapped. ”
There was disturbance in the country at the time of India-Pakistan partition. Photo: Getty Images
One-six
The bad situation of that time and this report of Governor Jenkins of the Muslim League’s Karguzari expose. He wrote that he is in serious shock due to the atrocities in rural areas and unaware of the league. The Muslim League did not make any efforts to maintain peace.
The total number of dead is not known. The latest figure is slightly less than three thousand and I believe that the final figure can be three thousand. The communal ratio is not stated correctly but I should say that there are six non -Muslims among the dead. ”
The answer was given to bureaucracy
In the fire of violence, the administration and police structure in Punjab had collapsed. The league alleged that British officials have enmity with Muslims. He also connected the censorship with this. British officers were also accused of spreading chaos. On the other hand, there was a lot of chaos among the bureaucracy that the British officers were in a hurry to leave India.
Muslim officers wanted to run away from the area coming in part of India. Hindu officers of the Pakistani part worried about the protection of their and family’s lives. Jenkins wrote, “The purpose of what purpose will the British officers in Punjab promote chaos? All the British ICS and I.P. (Indian Police) officials of Punjab will be happy to leave Punjab tomorrow. No one has any intention of staying in Punjab after transfer of power.
There was a difference six months ago. But now we feel that we are working among those who are bent on ruining themselves. In the absence of an agreement, a common officer here has to live life amidst communal civil war. ”
Jinnah was provoking Hindus to leave Pakistan. Photo: Getty Images
Jinnah was provoking Hindus to leave Pakistan
The flames of violence were sharp. British officers were spending days now. They had agreed that it is not their control to control the situation. Jankins wrote on 16 April that if the partition of Punjab is indispensable, then first of all it should be announced that one part of it will be of more population of Muslim -majority districts and the other part of non -Muslims. On 1 May, Jankins wrote to Mountbatten in a long letter that the peaceful division of Punjab is absolutely impossible.
On the other hand, Jinnah was encouraging the exchange of population. In his interview of the “Don” newspaper on 1 May 1947, Jinnah, while objecting to the partition of Punjab and Bengal, said that the minority of these states want to divide the Hindu lovers into two parts. Jinnah further said, “It is clear that if the Hindu minorities of Pakistan want to leave this country and go to their motherland Hindustan, then they will have complete freedom and in the same way the Muslims who want to leave India and come to Pakistan, they can do this. Now or later the population will have to be swapped.” With this message of Qaid-e-Azam, his supporters became more active in the elimination of Hindu-Sikhs from areas coming in their part.
Jinnah wanted to keep Sikhs together
Jinnah’s insistence of Pakistan was close to fulfilling but his attacks on the Congress had intensified. His efforts to make Sikhs in their court were also continuing. The British rule may be blaming the league for the violence but Jinnah’s allegations were on the Congress. Jinnah said, “The propagation and intention of the Congress is to obstruct the peaceful solution.
He has brought the Hindu Mahasabha in Bengal and Sikhs in Punjab. The Congress press is working to instigate and mislead the Sikhs. Sikhs will not get anything from the partition of Punjab, but they will be divided into two parts. More than half of their population will have to remain in Pakistan. On the other hand, as if the Muslim League has proposed when the Muslim League has proposed, they will play a very big role as a solid minority. We are always keen to meet them in every proper way. “
Amidst increasing violence, Aman’s appeal was proving to be difficult. Photo: Getty Images
Aman’s appeal to come and also
The administration-police and the boundary force all proved to be unfortunate amidst the heart-wrenching incidents crossing the limits of sex-lootpat-balings and cruelty. Mountbatten requested Jinnah and Gandhi to use their influence. Said that they issue a shared appeal of peace, so that stress is reduced. After two days of attempt, Mountbatten could persuade Jinnah for this. Gandhi was ready immediately. Since the appeal was to be issued by the Muslim League and the Congress, there was talk of the signing of JB Kripalani and League President Jinnah on behalf of the Congress. Jinnah again got adamant.
The next three days, talks went on on this. Then an appeal could be issued to his signature with Gandhi. There was no difference. The flames of violence intensified.
The death toll during partition was estimated between ten and three million. Photo: Getty Images
There was no hope of paying such a huge price for partition!
Such a large price for partition will have to be paid, at least the Congress leaders did not expect it. The death toll was estimated between ten and three million. There was a displacement of about twenty five million population. Then the stories of inhuman atrocities on women and children still make the hair of those who listen and read.
Sardar Patel had said, “We separated the poison.” It is a matter of fact that the assessment of the country’s most firm, visionary and realistic leader Patel turned out to be wrong. This poison has been continuously increasing the troubles for India since the existence of Pakistan. On the occasion of Mountbatten’s return from India, Nehru had said, “It is difficult to assess what we did. We are very close to the events. It is very close to the events. Maybe we have made a lot of mistakes.
Historians after one or two generations will be able to decide what we did and what wrong? Believe that we have tried to correct and so many of our sins will be forgiven and our mistakes too. ” But on this question, Nehru’s Nabab of 9 July 1948 to Bhopal is filled with grief-worry, despair and repentance.
He wrote, “This is our misfortune… the misfortune of India and Pakistan… that the bad crazes have won… I have spent a large part of my adult life to follow and adopt some ideals… but when I see that even after my continuous efforts of more than thirty years, I have not got success even after my continuous efforts, because I can imagine what I feel sad?
I know that in many cases the blame is on us. The partition took place and we all accepted it, because we thought that no matter how painful it is, we can get some peace. Perhaps we worked wrongly. Now it is difficult to decide. But the results of this sharing have been so terrible that anyone can be forced to think that in any other way, solution or interaction could have been given priority. ”
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