NG Iyengar and K.K., members of the Constituent Assembly. M. Munshi.
After the India-Pakistan partition was fixed, a new controversy over the language started. The issues on the issues on the Constituent Assembly included Hindi. The states of North and South were in front of Hindi. South Indians and non-Hindi speaking states felt that Hindi would be imposed on them. At the same time, Hindi supporters believed that it became the only language of the whole country.
In the Constituent Assembly, 63 votes were cast in favor of making Hindi the official language instead of Hindustani and 38 in the opposition. At the same time, Nagari was considered a national script by 63 votes in another voting and English was given second language status. On increasing the dispute over this, it was decided to postpone the resolution of language in the provincial legislatures on Sardar Patel’s proposal.
Arguments of North-South Indians on Hindi
Those who favor Hindi believed that only through this, national unity is strengthened. Just as Urdu has gone out, it is necessary to show the way out of English as well. Provincial languages should be placed second. Everyone has to learn Hindi.
Members of the South India said that in the amendments of the Constitution, English should be recognized as an official language for the next 15 years and after that it was agreed to give Hindi a place. At the same time, in some proposals, there was a demand to keep the English deadline from five to 7 years. Muslim members demanded silence on the question of English, but demanded to declare the Indian language as the national language which could be written in both Urdu and Devanagari scripts. The period of debate on Hindi did not stop, it continued even further.
Don’t understand a single word
Dr. Rajendra Prasad, president of the Constituent Assembly, had raised the question in May 1947 whether we wanted such a constitution prepared in English which only the judges of the courts could understand. His purpose was to prepare its Hindi version. In the year 1948, versions of Hindi and Urdu were prepared in the Constitution. After seeing its copies, Pandit Nehru wrote a letter to Rajendra Prasad and told that I do not understand any of its words. Some Hindi supporters also believed that it has become difficult to understand the act of being Sanskritist.
K. member of the Constituent Assembly K.K. M. Munshi and NG Iyengar.
What was the scribe-ignar formula?
To resolve this dispute, on September 2, 1949, members of the Constituent Assembly NG Iyengar and K.K. A formula was introduced with the consent of M. Munshi. This was called Munshi-Iyangar Formula.
Under this formula, Hindi was celebrated as the official language of the Sangh and the Nagari its script. At the same time, it was suggested to consider the international method for marks. It was said that the language of Supreme Court, High Court, Bills, Acts, Orders etc. will be English. The government should promote and develop Hindi in such a way that it can become an expression of the mixed culture of India. However, people were also divided into support and opposition.
On September 12, NG Iyenger, while presenting this formula, said that it is an attempt to compromise between different views, which is not easy to bring close. The development of Hindi has not been enough right now. it will take time. The goal cannot be achieved immediately, so English has to be used compulsorily. States should be allowed to use their language. The dialogue between the Center and the states should be in both Hindi and English.
That’s why we celebrate Hindi Day on 14 September
The debate on this issue ended at 6 pm on 14 September 1949. However, there were five amendments in the Munshi-Ingar formula. It was also decided that after 15 years Parliament can enact a new law on the use of English and Nagari numbers. With the consent of the President, the official language of the state can also be translated into the high courts. Along with this, in the Constituent Assembly, Hindi was accepted as the official language of the country.
In memory of this historic decision, it was proposed to celebrate Hindi Day on 14 September. Hindi Day was celebrated in the country for the first time on 14 September 1953. Its purpose is to increase the importance, use and spread of Hindi.
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